阴离子gemini表面活性剂的结构与界面性质的研讨.pdfVIP

全国第十三次工业表面活性剂研究与开发会议 阴离子gemini 表面活性剂的结构与界面性质的研究 1,2 1 1,2 1,2 1 杜西刚 路遥 * 李玲 孟君 杨正宇 1.中国科学院理化技术研究所 北京 100080 2. 中国科学院研究生院 北京 100039 摘要 本文以烷基酰氯为原料 经付克酰基化反应 格林反应 催化氢化还原 及磺化 中和等反应 合成了三种不同结构的阴离子磺酸盐Gemini 表面活性剂 并用核磁共振氢谱和电喷雾质谱对产物进行了结构鉴定 用旋滴法测定了三种 阴离子磺酸盐 Gemini 表面活性剂的水溶液与正庚烷的界面张力 发现磺酸盐 Gemini 表面活性剂10-4 10-6和12-4 的CMC 比对应的传统的表面活性剂的CMC 低两个数量级 并且随着疏水基碳数或联接基团碳数的增加而降低 随着疏水 基碳数或联接基团碳数的增加,饱和吸附面积 Amin 增大 饱和吸附量 ¥max 减小 临界胶束浓度下的界面张力 ã 减小 CMC 关键词 阴离子gemini 表面活性剂 合成 界面性质 Study of Structures and Interfacial Properties of Anionic Gemini Surfactants* 1,2 1 1,2 1,2 1 DU Xi-gang , LU Yao *, LI Ling , MENG Jun , YANG Zheng-yu (1. Technical Institue of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China; 2. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China) Abstract: Three anionic gemini surfactants with different structure were synthesized through five-step process, including Friedel-Crafts acyl reaction, Grignard synthesis, Pd-catalyzed hydrogenation, sulfonation reaction and neutralization . Their structures were identified by 1H NMR and ESI-MS. The interfacial tension between anionic sulfonate gemini surfactant solution and heptane was measured by spinning drop method. It was found that CMC’s of gemini surfactants 10-4, 10-6 and 12-4 were two orders of magnitude lower than those of the corresponding monomeric surfactants. And CMC increased with the increase of carbon numbers of the hydrophobic chains or the spacer. With the increase of carbon numbers of the hydrophobic chains or the spacer, Amin (the minimum area per surfactant molecule) increased