反乳液沉淀反应中晶体生长的微观可视化研讨.pdfVIP

反乳液沉淀反应中晶体生长的微观可视化研究 程鹏1 文利雄1,* 陈建峰1,2 (1 纳米材料先进制备技术与应用科学教育部重点实验室； 2 北京化工大学教育部超重力工程研究中心，北京100029) 摘要： 利用毛细显微摄像技术研究了毛细管中反乳液沉淀反应的晶体生长情况。分别用氯化高铁、硫酸铜 和硝酸氧锆与氨水进行反应，观察到了不同的晶体生长现象。反乳液中的水相液滴可以视为微反应器，传 统上认为微反应器在空间上可以限制沉淀晶体的生长，从而使得反乳液沉淀法所制备的粉体粒径分布较窄， 形貌较规则。本研究表明，在反乳液沉淀反应中，反应主要是由一种反应物通过油膜迁移到另一种反应物 的表面引起的，并在该表面生成产物晶体；在某些情况下，沉淀晶体并没有被限制在微反应器内部生长， 即微反应器无法在空间上限制沉淀晶体的生长，生成的沉淀晶体会有各种不规则的形貌，但是在适当的表 面活性剂浓度等条件下仍然可以得到形貌规则的晶体。 关键词：反乳液；沉淀反应；微反应器；晶体生长 中图分类号：TQ 028.8 文献标识码：A 文章编号： Visual Study of the Crystal Growing in Two Reverse-Emulsion Precipitation Reactions 1 1,* 1,2 CHENG Peng , WEN Lixiong , CHEN Jianfeng 1 ( Key Lab for Nanomaterials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; 2 Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China) Abstract: Using a capillary video-microscopy technique, the crystal growing process of two reverse-emulsion precipitation reactions was visually studied by preparing W/O reverse emulsions within a thin-walled, transparent, cylindrical microtube. Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, copper sulfate and zirconium oxynitrate were allowed to react with ammonia solution, respectively, and precipitation crystals with different morphology and growing process were observed among these different systems. The aqueous droplets prepared in the W/O emulsions are generously considered as space-limiting micro-reactors, which will lead to crystals with uniform size and shape. However, this study indicated that the crystal was probably not gr