APA_CITING格式_ 详细指导.ppt

APA Style Documenting Sources of Information What is Plagiarism? Using somebody else’s words or ideas as if they were your own; Copying material from the internet without acknowledgement; Using ideas from other sources without acknowledgement; Not using a citation to show where you got ideas or information. In academic writing: Avoid Plagiarism by: Using other people’s ideas BUT using your own words; Using your own structure and organisation of the essay; Acknowledging your sources As well as acknowledging your sources [by writing “according to Smith (2007)….”] you must record exactly where each idea came from. This is called “documenting” or “recording” your sources. Two steps to Documenting Sources: In-text citations… i.e. written ‘in’ the text of your essay [Smith, 2007..] “citation” means quote or reference; Complete list of references at the end of your essay. APA Style APA = American Psychological Association Other methods include Harvard and MLA (Modern Language Association) Always ASK your teacher which method to use; Always use only one method in your essay – ie BE CONSISTENT! In-Text Citations, APA Style Author-date method - authors last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, E.g., (Jones, 1998), and a complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. If you are NOT directly quoting the material, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication in your in-text reference. If you are quoting exactly, you must also give a page number. eg. (Jones, 1998:53, 59-64) Where to put the date: Use of signal phrases: eg “According to Jones (1998)…” If the author is not named in a signal phrase, place the authors last name, the year of publication, and the page number in parentheses after the quotation. Students often had difficulty using APA style, (Jones, 1998:57). More than one author: Two Authors: Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time you cite