科学家称2010年灾害频发多人为造成.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 科学家称2010年灾害频发多人为造成 Earthquakes, heat waves, floods, volcanoes, super typhoons, blizzards, landslides and droughts killed at least a quarter million people in 2010 — the deadliest year in more than a generation. More people were killed worldwide by natural disasters this year than have been killed in terrorism attacks in the past 40 years combined. “It just seemed like it was back?to?back and it came in waves,” said Craig Fugate, who heads the US Federal Emergency Management Agency. It handled a record number of disasters in 2010. “The term lsquo;100?year eventrsquo; really lost its meaning this year.” And we have ourselves to blame most of the time, scientists and disaster experts say. Even though many catastrophes have the ring of random chance, the hand of man made this a particularly deadly, costly, extreme and weird year for everything from wild weather to earthquakes. Poor construction and development practices conspire to make earthquakes more deadly than they need be. More people live in poverty in vulnerable buildings in crowded cities. That means that when the ground shakes, the river breaches, or the tropical cyclone hits, more people die. The January earthquake that killed more than 220,000 people in Haiti is a perfect example. Port?au?Prince has nearly three times as many people — many of them living in poverty — and more poorly built shanties than it did 25 years ago. So had the same quake hit in 1985 instead of 2010, total deaths would have probably been in the 80,000 range, said Richard Olson, director of disaster risk reduction at Florida International University. Climate scientists say Earth?s climate also is changing thanks to man?made global warming, bringing extreme weather, such as heat waves and flooding. The excessive amount of extreme weather that dominated 2010 is a classic sign of man?made global warming that climate scientists have long warned about. They calculate that the