天然气水合物资源勘探与试采技术研究现状与发展战略-Engineering.PDFVIP

中国工程科学 2015年 第17卷 第9期 天然气水合物资源勘探与试采技术研究现状 与发展战略 付强，周守为，李清平 （中国海洋石油总公司，北京100027） 摘要：天然气水合物是甲烷等烃类气体与水在高压低温条件下形成的笼形化合物，俗称可燃冰，将有望成为继页岩气、致密 气、煤层气、油砂等之后的储量最为巨大的接替能源，主要分布在北极冻土带和沿海大陆架300~3000 m 水深的深水区，初 步估计其资源量为全球含碳化合物的两倍，其中约95 % 储存在深海区域；与此同时，深水浅层弱胶结水合物的无序分解等 潜在工程地质灾害、温室效应等也已引起世界各国的高度重视，因此，天然气水合物资源安全高效开发和环境风险并重，成 为当前世界科技创新的前沿。本文回顾了国内外天然气水合物资源勘探和试采技术研究进展，在此基础上，针对我国海域潜 在目标区以及我国已经获取的天然气水合物样品的相关特性，提出了我国天然气水合物资源勘探开发技术方向。 关键词：天然气水合物；勘探与试采；储量巨大；研究现状；发展战略 中图分类号：TE1 文献标识码：A Natural Gas Hydrate Exploration and Production Technology Research Status and Development Strategy Fu Qiang, Zhou Shouwei,Li Qingping (China National Offshore Oil Corp, Beijing 100027, China) Abstract: Gas hydrate, also called “fire ice”, is cage compound generated by hydrocarbon gas such as methane mixed with water in low temperatures and high pressures, which is expected to be the most important alternative energy after shale gas, tight gas, coal bed methane and oil sands. Gas hydrate in the seabed distributes widely in the depth of 300–3 000 m deep water in the arctic tundra or coastal shelf, of which about 95 % is stored in the deep sea region. It has been preliminarily estimated that the amount of gas hydrate is twice larger than that of the global carbon-containing compounds. Great attention has been attracted on disorder decomposition of weakly consolidated gas hydrate in shallow-layer in deep water, which can cause potential engineering geological hazard and the greenhouse effect. Safe and efficient development and environmental risks are equally important for developing the gas hydrate, so the research field has been the forefront of technological innovation around