热力学绪论多学时22章节.pptVIP

人们由自然界获得能量的主要形式是： 热能！ 据统计，经过热能形式而被利用的能量在我国占90％以上，世界上其它国家也超过85％。 90% of energy resources are transformed into thermal energy before it is used. 能量转换的共同点(A rule in common) Then, thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy and used indirectly. How can thermal energy be transformed into mechanical energy more efficiently? Why do we need to learn Engineering Thermodynamics? What does thermodynamics concerns?(热力学涉及哪些内容?） Thermodynamics is the branch of science which studies the rule that governs the transformation of thermal energy to other forms of energy. Also it studies how to use thermal energy efficiently. 工程热力学是一门研究热能有效利用及热能和其它形式能量转换规律的科学。 It includes all aspects of energy and energy transformations（能量转换）, including power generation, refrigeration and relationships among the properties of matter. 热电厂(热能→机械能) Thermal Power Plant (Thermal Energy →Mechanical Energy 飞机(热能→机械能) Aeroplane (Thermal Energy →Mechanical Energy) 汽车 (热能→机械能) Vehicle (Thermal Energy → Mechanical Energy) 冰箱 (机械能→热能) Refrigerator (Mechanical Energy → Thermal Energy) Thermal energy Mechanical energy (1) 广泛性 universally Heart the heating and air-conditioning systems, the refrigerator, humidifier, the pressure cooker, the water heater, the shower, the iron and even the computer. automotive engines,rockets, jet engines,and conventional and nuclear power plans, solar collector and the design of vehicles from ordinary cars to airplanes. transformed 热力学的研究对象 (What does Thermodynamics study?) Disorganized energy organized energy （无序能） （有序能） transformed (2)代表性（ Representatively ） (3)实用性 (Practicality) 热力学的研究对象 (What does Thermodynamics study?) 能量转换的一些实例 (Examples of Some energy transformation application ) (1)火力发电装置 (Steam power plant) (1)火力发电装置基本特点 锅 炉 汽轮机 发电机 给水泵 凝汽器 过热器 1、热源 2、工质（水，蒸汽） 3、工质状态的变化 (加压、加热、 膨胀做功、放热) 4、冷源 Generalized Repre