神经系统解剖-朱晞 改_spinal_nerves.pptVIP

THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM;General Description 1.数量 31 Pairs： Cervical Nerves : 8 pairs Thoracic Nerves : 12 pairs Lumbar Nerves : 5 pairs Sacral Nerves : 5 pairs Coccygeal Nerves : 1 pair ;2.组成：2个根和1个神经节 Anterior Root: motor fibers Posterior Root: sensory fibers Spinal ganglia: sensoty ;3.纤维成分： 4种 The Somatic afferent (sensory) Fibers 躯体感觉 - The Visceral afferent (sensory) Fibers 内脏感觉 The Somatic efferent (motor) Fibers 躯体运动 - The Visceral efferent (motor) Fibers 内脏运动 ; 4. 出椎间孔后的分支 ：4种 Anterior Branch Posterior Branch Meningeal Branch Communicating Branches;前支除胸神经外都形成丛状： Four Plexuses Cervical Plexus Brachial Plexus Lumbar Plexus Sacral Plexus The thoracic nerves are separated from each other. ;2.肌支：cervical ansa 颈襻 3.混合神经：The phrenic nerve 膈神经; The Brachial Plexus 臂丛 一、组成: root(C5 – T1) →trunk → division → cord 根 → 干 支 → 束 ; 二、位置：斜角肌间隙→锁骨后方→腋血管 三、分支和分布： 1.短神经：3肩、3胸 2.长神经： lateral cord： musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经 median nerve 正中神经 Medial cord： median nerve 正中神经 ulnar nerve 尺神经 Posterior cord ：radial nerve 桡神经 axillary nerve 腋神经 ;the musculocutaneous n. the axillary n.; the musculocutaneous nerve ： anterior group of the arm the median nerve： the most of anterior group of the forearm and part muscles of hand the ulnar nerve： the part of anterior group of the forearm and part muscles of hand the radial nerve： posterior group of arm and posterior group of the forearm the axillary nerve：deltoid ;;;;;Radial Nerve;The Anterior Branches of the Thoracic Nerves——Intercostal