系统解剖 静脉 英文版. Veins.ppt

Veins 静脉 Veins 静脉 General feature Have a thinner wall and a larger diameter than their corresponding arteries The small branches are called tributary Have venous valves静脉瓣 which prevent reflux of blood Two sets Superficial veins－lie in the superficial fascia, immediately under the skin, and forms venous rete静脉网 Deep veins－run with arteries, large veins are usually single, medium-sized peripheral limb veins are often double, forms venous plexus静脉丛 around the viscera Veins 静脉 Special structures Sinuses of dura mater 硬脑膜窦 Diploic veins 板障静脉 Veins 静脉 Composition The pulmonary veins 肺静脉 L. superior inferior pulmonary veins R. superior inferior pulmonary veins ★ The systemic veins 体静脉 Superior vena cava system 上腔静脉系 Inferior vena cava system 下腔静脉系 (includes hepatic portal system 肝门静脉系) Cardiac vein system 心静脉系 ★肺循环的静脉The pulmonary veins Tributaries 左上、下肺静脉 Left superior and inferior pulmonary veins 右上、下肺静脉Right superior and inferior pulmonary veins Run into left atrium 体循环的静脉The systemic veins ★ The systemic veins 体静脉 Superior vena cava system 上腔静脉系 Inferior vena cava system 下腔静脉系 (includes hepatic portal system 肝门静脉系) Cardiac vein system 心静脉系 上腔静脉系Superior vena cava system ★ Formed by superior vena cava and their tributaries brachiocephalic veins头臂静脉 azygos vein 奇静脉 ★ Enters right atrium at lever of lower border of third right sternocostal joint ★ Collects blood from upper half of body-head,neck, upper limb and thorax (except the heart) 头颈部的静脉Veins of head and neck ★ 颈内静脉Internal jugular v. Emerges from jugular foramen and descends in carotid sheath with common carotid artery and vagus nerve. Terminates behind sternoclavicular joint where it join subclavian vein to form brachiocephalic vein facial vein 面静脉 lingual v. 舌静脉 pharyngeal v. 咽静脉 superior thyroid v. 甲状腺上静脉 middle thyroid v. 甲状腺中静脉 retromandibular v.下颌后静脉 颞浅静脉superficial temporal v. 上颌静脉maxillary v.←翼静脉丛 ★颈外静脉 external jugular v. Formed behind the angle of mandible by un