情态动词(Word版).docVIP

情态动词学?习六要素 一、注意情态动?词的推测用?法(共3个，用法见表) 情态动词 含义 适用句型 may 可能，或许 肯定句 must 一定，必须 肯定句 can/could? 可能，或许 否定句，疑问句 例1：—Are you comin?g to Jeff’s party?? —I’m not sure. I ____ go to the conce?rt inste?ad. A. must B. would? C. shoul?d D. might? 分析：选D。I’m not sure.的语境表明?把握性不大?，当然我去参?加音乐演奏?会的可能性?就比较小了?，故不用mu?st应用m?ight 例2：—_____?the news be true? —No, it _____? be true. A. Can, can’t B. May, can’t C. May, may not D. Must, mustn?’t 分析：选A。因为前半句?是疑问句，后半句为否?定句，两空都不能?使用may?/might? 和must?，应而用ca?n和can?’t。 二、了解情态动?词的完成式?用法 (1) shoul?d /ought? to have done本?来应做而未?做，表达遗憾感?情色彩 例1：I told Sally? how to get there?, but perha?ps I ____f?or her. A. had to write? it out B. must have writt?en it out C. shoul?d have writt?en it out D. ought? to write? it out 分析：选C。分析语境可?知，口头上告知?Sally?如何去那里?是不够的，所以我本应?书面告知，却有没书面?告知之，显得应使用?shoul?d /ought? to have writt?en表示遗?憾之情。 例2：I was reall?y anxio?us about? you, you _____? home witho?ut a word. A. mustn?’t leave? B. shoul?dn’t have left C. could?n’t have left D. needn?’t leave? 分析：选B。由语境可知?，我真的为你?担心，所以你不应?该一句话不?说就离开家?，但实际上你?确实这么做?了，显然应填s?hould?n’t/ought?n’t to have left，表示责备。 (2) may/might? have done可?能已做，must have done 一定已做，can’t have done不?可能做 例1：Where? is my pen? —I _____?it. A. might? lose B. would?n’t have lost C. shoul?d have lost D. must have lost 例2：The light? in his room is still? on, so he _____? to bed. A. mustn?’t have gone B. must have gone C. shoul?dn’t have gone D. can’t have gone 分析：选D。由于他房间?里的灯还亮?着推测，他不可能已?经上床睡觉?了，应填can?’t have gone。 (3) could? have done指?本来能做而?实际未做，表达遗憾的?感情色彩 You could? at least? have sent five cards?. 你至少可以?寄5张明信?片的。 三、熟悉情态动?词委婉用法? could?, would?, might?等情态动词?均有委婉用?法，它们不是过?去式而是表?示语气委婉?、客气、礼貌，常用于疑问?句，并多用于习?惯表达，如woul?d you pleas?e, would? you mind, would? you like to等，might?还可以用于?肯定句表示?推测，表示可能性?小，might?和coul?d表示征求?对方意见时?，回答必须还?成may, can. 例1：—Could? I borro?w your dicti?onary?? —Yes, of cours?e you__?__. A. might? B. will C. can D. shoul?d 分析：选C。该句用ca?n的委婉表?达式cou?ld 来征求