Fluorescence Anisotropy Applied to Biomolecular Interactions英文文献.pdfVIP

[ 1 2 ] FLUORESCENCE ANISOTROPY IN BINDING STUDIES 283 niques which have been covered in depth in an excellent review by Nordrn e t a l . i Flow fields in Couette cells are an effective technique for aligning long molecules such as DNA. Like polymer film stretching techniques, they have the drawback that the distributions so produced are not uniaxial. However, this is not a major disadvantage for macromoleculesthat exhibit near-cylindrical symmetry. Alignment in liquid crystals works well for small polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Electrophoretic orientation in gels has, to our knowledge, been applied only to polynucleotides. Acknowledgments The Ames Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-82. This work was supported by the division of Chemical Sciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. We thank Dr. R. S. Knox for commenting on a draft of the manuscript. One of us (W.S.S.) is indebted to Dr. G. van Ginkel for sending copies of the Ph.D. theses of M. van Gurp and H. van Langen. [12] Fluorescence Anisotropy Applied to Biomolecular Interactions By DAVID M . JAMESON a n d WILLIAM H . SAWYER Introduction The appeal of fluorescence spectroscopy in the study of biomolecular systems lies in the characteristic time scale of the emission process, the sensitivity of the technique, and its ability to accommodate rapid and facile changes in the solvent milieu under conditions corresponding to thermodynamicequilibrium. The time scale of the emission process invites exploitation in two related manners. First, information on hydrodynamic aspects of the system is available from steady-state or time-resolved mea- surements. Second, detailed