第5讲 共轨控制单元实例－.ppt

第五讲 共轨控制单元实例－  MC68332 32位CPU 内部数据、地址、运算均为32位 外部地址24位，数据16位，支持64位数据传输 重叠指令执行（取指和执行同时进行） 主频25MHz，支持C语言编程 智能化外围子系统 TPU：16个独立定时器，9种功能，适用于多点电喷 QSM：高速同步通信QSPI和异步通信SCI 丰富的端口资源：32 I／O、8硬中断、12片选 完善的系统保护 COP监视定时器（watchdog） 周期中断定时器 伪中断监视器、HALT监视器和总线监视器 Operating Systems Basis software of a computer system Characteristics Resource management Interface between application and hardware Library of functions for the application Embedded Operating Systems Fusion of the application and the OS to one unit Characteristics Resource management Primary internal resources Less overhead Code of the OS and the application mostly reside in ROM What is real time? The correct result of a real time system depends on: a correct answer/reaction to a stimuli a point of time, when the result will be delivered Real Time Operating System Use in (real time) systems with focus on processing/answering time (time of reaction) ? e.g. control and continuos systems Use in systems with multi-simultaneous executive problems Typical features: Multitasking (task model) Scheduling of the tasks with priorities Synchronisation of the resources Taskmodel (multitasking) In a real time system several parts of a problem are handeled, they are called tasks. Tasks may be processed simultaneously or sequentially. Tasks compete against each other for the processor and for the resources (memory, I/O port, software function) States of a task Scheduling (task coordination) The scheduler decides which task is processed by the processor. Behaviour of scheduling Non preemptive scheduling (cooperative) Preemptive scheduling Type of scheduling Static scheduling (time control) Dynamic scheduling (event control) Method of scheduling Priority control Time slice (Round robin) FIFO Resources Hardware (memory, I/O port ) Software (global functions, global variables) All tasks in a real time system have access to resources. Resource managers prevent the simultaneous access to a resource through two tasks. Semaphore ? Prob