新编简明英语语言学教程：chapter 3- Morphology-exercises.docVIP

Chapter 3 Morphology Exercise I 1 (a) List the bound morphemes to be found in these words: misleads, mis-, -s; previewer, pre-, -er; shortened, -en, -ed; unhappier, un-, -er; fearlessly -less, -ly (b) In which of the following examples should the a be treated as a bound morpheme: a boy; apple; atypical, (c) Identify in the following sentence four bound morphemes. State the function of each and say whether each is derivational or inflectional: The teachers brother considered the project impossible. The -er and the -s of teachers are bound morphemes, the former being derivational, as it produces a lexeme that denotes the person who does an action, the latter being an inflectional morpheme, as it indicates possession. The -ed of considered is inflectional, indicating that the action took place in the past. The im- of impossible is derivational, producing a new lexeme that denotes the opposite of possible. (d) Do you consider the word project to contain one morpheme or two? Account for your opinion. In the word project one can identify two elements that had a meaning in Latin, pro- and -ject indicating movement forwards and throwing respectively. But neither element can stand by itself, neither is a free morpheme. 2 What are the functional morphemes in the following sentence: The old man sat on a chair and told them tales of woe. The, on, a, and, them, of. 3. What are the inflectional morphemes in the following phrases: (a) the singers songs -s,-s (b) it’s raining -ing (c) the newest style -est (d) the cow jumped over the moon -ed. 4. What would we list as allomorphs of the morpheme plural from this set of English words: dogs, oxen, deer, judges, curricula -s, -en, 0, -es, -a. 5. For each of the following words transcribe phonetically and account for the allomorphs of the past tense morpheme: waited waved waded wiped waited, waded /id/ waved /d/