《西方经济学》英文版课件-2.pptVIP

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《西方经济学》英文版课件-2

C H A P T E R C H E C K L I S T When you have completed your study of this chapter, you will be able to 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? What Do We Produce? We divide the vast array of goods and services produced into: Consumption goods and services (消費性財貨與勞務) Investment goods (資本財) Government goods and services (政府部門消費的財貨與勞務) Exports of goods and services(出口財貨與勞務) 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? Consumption goods and services Goods and services that are bought by individuals and used to provide personal enjoyment and contribute to a person’s standard of living. For example, movies and Laundromat services. Investment goods Goods that are bought by businesses to increase their productive resources. For example, cranes and trucks. 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? Government goods and services Goods and services that are bought by governments. For example, missiles and bridges. Exports goods Goods and services produced in the United States and sold in other countries. For example, computers and banking services. 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? Figure 2.1(a) shows the relative magnitudes of the different types of goods and services in 2002: 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? Figure 2.1(b) shows the largest five items of services produced. 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? How Do We Produce? Factors of production The productive resources used to produce goods and services. Factors of production are grouped into four categories: Land (土地) Labor (勞動) Capital (資本) Entrepreneurship (企業家精神) 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? Land Land All the “gifts of nature” that we use to produce goods and services. All the things we call natural resources. Land includes minerals, water, air, wild plants, animals,birds, and fish as well as farmland and forests. 2.1 WHAT, HOW, AND FOR WHOM? Labor Labor The work time and work effort that people devote to producing goods and services. Human capital The knowledge and skill that people obtain from education, on-the-job training, and work experience. 2.1 WHAT, HOW,

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