供电电网对电压源型变频器运行的影响研究.doc

供电电网对电压源型变频器运行的影响 研究 张风江 上海辛格林纳新时达电机有限公司 针对变频器频繁出现三相输入电流不平衡、内部器件因为过压或过流而损坏的现 象，文章从低频和功率角度出发，分析了电网不平衡度、线路阻抗及多路负载对 电压源型变频器工作特性影响的机理，指出电网负序分量会引起输入电流不平 衡，导致低频谐波电流增大，严重时会致使器件烧毁;线路阻抗影响系统串并联 谐振频率、变频器输入电压及苏输入感性电流比例，是引起系统谐振、导致器件 过压击穿的重要因素之一;多台变频器同时工作时能起到抑制谐波电流的作用， 文中通过理论计算、仿真和实测数据证明了该观点的正确性。文中还提出了一些 能帮助变频器的设计者和使用者规避应用风险的措施，提高变频器工作的稳定 性。 关键词： 电网不〒衡度;线路阻抗;无功补偿;并联谐振;零序分量; 王璐诤（1988-），男，，主要从事低压大功率变频器、高压变 频器的研宄和设计工作。 2017-08-01 Research on the Influence of Power Grid on the Operation of Voltage Source Inverter WANG Lucheng HE Donglin ZHANG Fengjiang Shanghai Sigriner STEP Electric Co.，Ltd.; Abstract： Three-phase input current unbalance is often happened in inverters, which causes devices damaged by overvoltage or over-current. Influences of grid unbalance, line impedance and multi-load on voltage source inverter and their mechanisms were analyzed from the point view of low frequency and power. It presented that three-phase input current unbalance is caused by negative sequence components of grid voltage and makes low frequency harmonic current increased and even devices damaged in inverter. The fact that line impedance affects serial or parallel frequency, input voltage and proportion of input inductive current was pointed out, which is one of the important factors causing the system resonant and devices breakdown by overvoltage. It also proposed that multi-inverter operation would suppress harmonic input currents and the results of theoretical calculation, simulation and practical test showed the correctness of the view point. Moreover, it presented some relative measures, and this can help designers and users to avoid application risks of inverters and improve the stability of the machines. Keyword： unbalance factor of power grid; line impedance; reactive power compensation; parallel resonance; zero sequence component; Received： 2017-08-01 0引言 随着工业自动化进程的不断推进，变频器在交流电机的调速控制中起着不可替 代的作用。变频器设计时如果忽视了电网因素，将可能导致变频器工作异常、寿 命减短;而大功率变频器的制造及维护成本昂贵，对电网参数更加敏感，因此研 发人员需耍充分了解电网参数及其对变频器的影响，以极大地提高变