PART FOUR THE SENSE ORGANS (感觉器).ppt

Human Anatomy Dept of Anatomy, Medical College, Qingdao University PART FOUR  THE SENSE ORGANS (感觉器) A. INTRODUCTION (概述) B. VISUAL ORGAN (视器) C. VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR ORGAN (前庭蜗器) 1. VESTIBULAR APPARATUS (前庭器) 2. AUCITORY APPARATUS (听器) D. OTHER SENSE ORGANS (其他感觉器) Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION (概述) A. Composition (组成) 1. Visual Organ (视器) 2. Vestibulocochlear Organ (前庭器) 3. Olfactory Organ (嗅器) 4. Tasted Organ (味器) 5. Skin (皮肤) INTRODUCTION (概述) B. Functions (功能) It receives the stimulation from the external and internal environment of the body, and convert it into nerve impulses. INTRODUCTION (概述) C. The Receptors (感受器) 1. Exteroceptors (外感受器) touch, temperature, pain, light, sound 2. Enteroceptors (内感受器) all viscera, heart, blood vessels 3. Proprioceptors (本体感受器) muscles, tendons, joints, ligaments Chapter 2 THE VISUAL APPARATUS (视器) The Eyeball (眼球) The Accessory Visual Apparatus (眼副器) The Blood Vessels of the Eye (眼球的血管) THE VISUAL APPARATUS (视器) Function It receives stimulation of light waves (光波) (?=380 -760?) to visual center in the brain. Section 1 The Eyeball External Features (外部形态) Walls of the Eyeball (眼球壁) Contents of the Eyeball (眼球内容) The Eyeball (眼球) A. External Feature (外形) 1. Anterior pole (前极) 2. Posterior pole (后极) 3. Optic axis (眼轴） 4. Visual axis (视轴) The Eyeball (眼球) B. Walls of the Eyeball (眼球壁) 1. Outer tunic (外膜) fibrous tunic (纤维膜) ? 1) cornea (角膜) [corneal ulcer 角膜溃疡] [leukoma 角膜白斑] [astigmia 散光] [ametropia 屈光不正] The Eyeball (眼球) 2) ? sclera (巩膜): sinus venous sclerae (巩膜静脉窦) 2. Middle tunic(中膜): vascular tunic (血管膜) 1) ? iris (虹膜) pupil (瞳孔) a. sphincter pupillae (瞳孔括约肌) b. dilator pupillae (瞳孔开大肌) c. iridocorneal angle (虹膜角膜角) The Eyeball (眼球) ? 2) ciliary body (睫状体): a. ciliary processes (睫状突) b. ciliary ring (睫状环) c. ciliary muscles