能源技术在渠道内竞争的影响[外文翻译].docVIP

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译 一、外文原文 标题：Sources of Power: Their Impact on Intra-channel Conflict 原文： The Channel of Distribution Conflict between channel members A and B is inevitable when A and B are functionally interdependent. In franchise channels of distribution there is a high degree of functional interdependence between the franchisor (A) and franchisee (B). Given this high degree of functional interdependence, the potential for conflict development is high. Also, franchise channels of distribution have well-defined power structures, in which the balance of power is weighted heavily in favor of the franchisor The franchise channel for the distribution of auto- mobiles was selected for study. This channel is characterized by frequent and visible conflicts. In addition there is a definite balance of power in favor of the manufacturer which is in part due to the franchise contract . However, during the last 20 years, dealers have attempted to equalize this balance of power by lobbying and have obtained both national and state legislation. During the time this study was conducted (November-December 1974), the automobile industry was in an economic depression and therefore the overall level of conflict in the channel probably was intensified. The increased conflict was due in part to the technological and production characteristics of the industry, which requires high output to attain low unit costs. Many economists suggest that production economies are not exhausted until a firm attains an output of from 600,000 to 1,000,000 units [23, chapter VI]. For the distribution of automobiles the economies of scale are even greater. Pashigian finds that per unit distribution costs are still declining as sales reach 1.8 million units. Given this incentive to produce in large quantities, manufacturers find it necessary to pressure dealers to accept more cars than they desire in slow times. Thus an inherent conflict is built in