第三讲 增词法、重复法.pptVIP

英译汉教程A Course in English-Chinese Translation 王静安 教授 外国语学院英语系 第二章 英译汉常用的方法和技巧第二节 增词法 英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，翻译时既可能要将词类加以转换，又可能要在词量上加以增减。增词法就是在翻译时按意义上（或修辞上）和句法上的需要增加一些词来忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容。这当然不是无中生有地随意增词，而是增加原文中虽无其词却有其意的一些词。例如： There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no ordinary Chinese with paper flags and bouquet of flowers. 增加原文省略的词 Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest. In the evening after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. 增加必要的连接词语 Heated, water will change into vapor. However carefully boiler casings and steam pipes are sealed, some heat escapes and is lost. Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object immersed in it. （三）用增词法表达复数概念。 Note that the words “velocity” and “speed” require explanation. He stretched his legs which were scattered with scars. The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley. The samples of soil from various depths are examined for traces of oil. If they are disappointed at one place, the drillers go to another. （四）概括性增词 According to scientists, it takes nature 500 years to create an inch of topsoil. The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets. In the summer of 1969, the administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China. The treaty awards coastal states absolute control over the fish in their economic zones and the right to sell fishing interests to other nations as they choose. （五）从修辞和连贯角度考虑增词。 This printer is indeed cheap and fine. Yes, I like Chinese food. Lots of people do these days. Sort of fashion. A scientist constantly tried to defeat his hypotheses, his theories and his conclusion. Nobody has raised his hand so we think everyone agrees with Mr. Zhang. He was week and old. （六）增加必要的副词。 The bridge is long.