TheTransformeronLoad负载运行的变压器.docVIP

The Transformer on Load It has been shown that a primary input voltage V1 can be transformed to any desired open-circuit secondary E2 by a suitable choice of turns ratio.E2 is available for circulating a load current whose magnitude and power factor will be determined by the secondary circuit impedance.For the moment ,a lagging power factor will be considered.The senondary current and the resulting ampere-turns I2N2will change the fiux, tending to demagneetise the core, reduce Фm and with it E1.because the primary leakage impedance drop is so low,a small alteration to E1will cause an appreciable increase of primary current I0 to a new value of I1 equal to (V1+E1)/(R1+jX1).The extra primary current and ampere-turns nearly cancel the whole of the secondary ampere-turns.This being so,the mutual flux suffers only a slight modification and requires practically the same net ampere-turnsI0N1 as on no load.The total primary ampere-turns are are increased by an amount I2N2 necessary to neutralize the same amount of secondary ampere-turns In the vector equation,I1N1+I2N2=I0N1;alternatively,I1N1=I0N1-I2N2,At full load ,the current I0 is only about 5% of the full-load current and so I1 is nearly equal to I2N2/N1. Bearing in mind that E1=E2N1/N2 of the full-load current and so I1 is nearly equal to I2N2/N1.Bearing in mind that E1=E2N1/N2,the input kVA which is approximately E1I1is also approximately equal to the output kVA,E2I2. 负载运行的变压器 我们知道，通过选择合适的匝数比，一次侧输入的电压V1可任意转换成所希望的二次侧开路电压E2，E2可用于产生负载电流，改电流的幅值和功率因数将由二次侧电流的阻抗决定，现在，我们要讨论一种滞后功率因数。二次侧电流及其总安匝I2N2将影响磁通，有一对铁磁产生去磁，减小Фm 和E1 地趋势。因为第一次侧漏阻抗压降如此之小，所以 的微小变化都将导致一次侧电流增加很大，从I0 增大至一个新值I1 =(V1+E1)/(R1+jX1).增加得一次侧电压和磁势近似平衡了全部二次磁势.这样得话,互感磁通只经历很小变化,并且实际上只需要与空载时相同得净磁势I0N1.一次侧总磁势增加了I2N2,它是平衡同量得二次侧磁势所必需得 .在向量方程中,I1N1+I1N2=I0N1,上式也可变化成I1N1=I0N1-I2N2. 满载时,电流I0只约占满载电流得5%,因而I1近似等于I2N2/N1.记住E1=E2N1/N2,近似等于E1I1的输入容量也就近似等于输出容量E2I2. Neglecting the resistance for the moment,the physical picture will now be considered with reference to Fig.9.2(omitted).T