毕业设计牛奶管式降膜蒸发装置.docx

牛奶管式降膜蒸发器设计DESIGN OF MILK TUBEFALLINGFILM EVAPORATOR专 业：过程装备与控制工程姓名：指导教师：申请学位级别：学士论文提交日期：2014年6月9日学位授予单位：摘要牛奶作为最古老的天然饮料，富含多种矿物质、蛋白质；作为日常饮品，深受人们的喜爱。牛乳被认为是迄今为止的一种比较理想的营养食品；但是传统的单一乳品加工工艺处理量小，品质得不到保证，无法适应现在的工业乳品的发展要求；因而设计出更高效浓缩装置是乳制品加工的当务之急。本次设计本次以牛奶为工质，设计处理量为18000kg/h，进料浓度为12%，出料浓度为48%，在综合考虑各种蒸发器的优缺点基础上，确定采用三效管式降膜并流蒸发方案，设计牛奶走管程，加热蒸汽走壳程。正文部分首先根据生产设计的要求，进行工艺计算，得到各效蒸发器、预热器的换热面积；其次，进行了结构设计，得到了各效蒸发器的主体尺寸，各接管尺寸及法兰尺寸等；第三，对所设计的主体设备进行强度校核，无损检验，水压试验，保证其均满足要求；最后对蒸发装置的附属设备进行了粗略的选型。关键词：牛奶； 管式降膜； 蒸发器；ABSTRACTAs the oldest natural drink, milk is rich in minerals and proteins. As a daily drink, it is also loved by the people. Milk is considered to be a far more ideal nutritious food. However,if using small traditional single dairy processing, capacity and quality of milk productcan not be guaranteed, unable to adapt to the current requirements of the development of the dairy industry. Thus designing more efficient concentrated dairy processing equipment is imperative. The evaporator design requirements in this project are as follows: a design capacity of 18000kg / h, feed concentration of 12%, product concentration of 48%. After considering the advantages and disadvantages of various evaporators, thethree-effect tube falling film evaporator was chosen in this project in which milk flows inside the tube (tube side) and heating steam flows inside the shell (shell side). First, according to the production design requirements, the number of effects for evaporators was determined and the heat transfer area in both evaporators and preheaters was calculated based on heat balance method. Secondly, the structures of evaporators were designed in order to obtain the size of evaporators and other parts of evaporation system, including flanges and nozzles. Third, the mechanical stress of these evaporators was checked. In addition, nondestructive testing and hydrostatic testing were also implemented to ensure that their requirements are met. Finally, ancillary equipment of evaporation system wasse