Reaction Calorimetry反应量热法.pdfVIP

THEMATIC NETWORK ON HarsNet HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF HIGHLY REACT IVE SYSTEMS 5. Reaction Calorimetry This HarsBook text has been prepared by a HarsNet working group. The text has been prepared in good faith but the authors accept no responsibility for the consequences of application of the information contained herein. The HarsNet Thematic network is European Community Project BET2-0572 funded in part by contract number BRRT-CT98-5066. Keywords: bench scale reaction calorimeter, calorimetry, heat flow, heat balance, power compensation, temperature oscillation, heat transfer coefficients, isothermal, isoperibolic, adiabatic. 5.1. Introduction Basic thermodynamic and kinetic data of chemical reactions, and some physicochemical properties of reaction mixtures, can be determined experimentally using so called bench scale reaction calorimeters. These have typical reaction volumes from 10 to 100 ml up to several litres. They usually consist of a stirred reaction vessel and offer the possibility of carrying out chemical reactions in batch, semi-batch or –usually with modifications of the device-, in the continuous mode. A condenser can be added to study the reaction under reflux and special reactors are available in order to carry out reactions under high pressure. Areas of application of reaction calorimetry include: - determination of calorimetric data for reactor and process design (e.g., overall heat release or supply during physical changes or chemical reactions, heat transfer coefficients, specific heat capacity, adiabatic temperature rise, reactant accumulation.) - study of the kinetic behaviour of chemical reactions and or of