More On The Commuting Regularity Of Algebraic Structures更多关于代数结构的交换规律.pdfVIP

Mathematical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 3 (2009) 231-240 More On The Commuting Regularity Of Algebraic Structures M. Azadi 1, L. Pourfaraj aDepartment of Mathematics, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, IRAN. Abstract In this paper, we study some main properties of the commuting regular ideals and we give a necessary and sufficient condition that a ring (or semigroups ) is commuting regular. Some significant results of this investigation will be used for the commutative rings and group rings. Keywords: commuting regular rings, commutative rings, group rings, loop rings. c 2009 Published by Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch. 1 Introduction In this paper, R, G, and S denote a ring, a group, and a semigroup, respectively. Also, we use Z (R), N (R), and J (R), to denote the center, the nilradical, and jacobson radical of the ring R, respectively. A non-empty subset of a ring R (or semigroup with zero) is called nilpotent if there exists a positive integer n such that In = 0. An element s of semigroup S is called cancellable if for every r and t, sr = st implies r = t. The semigroup S is called cancellative, if all elements of S are cancellable. A quasigroup is a set Q with a binary operation, here denoted by ” · ” , with the property that for all a, b ∈ Q there are unique elements x, y ∈ Q such that x · a = b and a · y = b. A quasigroup with an identity element is called a loop. 1Corresponding Author. E-mail Address: mehrdad.azadi@ 232 Mathematical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 3 (2009) An element a of a ring R is called regular if there exists an element