七年制医学课件 儿科 1pediatrics.ppt

PEDIATRICS The introduction to Pediatrics Scope of Pediatrics The children and adolescents made up 1/3 of the population of China. The young are often among the most vulnerable or disadvantaged in society, and thus their needs require special attention.  Scope of Pediatrics Prevention is an attitude that should pervade all aspects of pediatric care. It is at the core of pediatrics . ? Secondary  Prevention Immunizations-prevention of specific diseases Nutrition advice-promotion of general health Hand washing-prevent illnesses  due to fecal-oral spread Prevention of further disabilities due to chronic disorders(cerebral palsy) Clinical Pediatrics To investigate the organ system, the category of diseases, the biologic process, the methods or system of care . Which field is the special of Pediatrics ? What is the developmental periods across the childhood Prepubescence:(2-3 ys) What is the difference of Pediatrics from most other medical specialties The child’s age The child is not a little man.  Age beats/min1y 110-1602-5ys 95-1405-12ys 80-12012ys 60-100 WBC (X109/L) Systolic pressure (mmHg) Respiratory rate in children Age Normal Tachyponea  Neonate 30-50 60 Infants 20-30 50 Young children 20-30 40 Older children 15-20 30 infected by organisms from the mother’s genital tract. The most frequent causes: Respiratory viruses Strep. H.influenzae The introduction to Pediatrics Preschool age period - young child (3-5y) School age period - old child (6-11y) Postpubescence:(3-4 ys) Pubescence:(2-4 ys) Puberty –teenager, adolescent fetus pre-school infant toddler school puberty Developmental periods across the childhood Key point 2 ? What is the key points in pediatric history –taking and examination ? Key p