TAIL END” BONDI–HOYLE ACCRETION IN YOUNG STAR CLUSTERS…“在年轻明星团队中的成员.pdfVIP

The Astronomical Journal, 135:2380–2397, 2008 June doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/6/2380 c 2008. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. “TAIL-END” BONDI–HOYLE ACCRETION IN YOUNG STAR CLUSTERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DISKS, PLANETS, AND STARS Henry B. Throop1 and John Bally2 1 Southwest Research Institute, Department of Space Studies, 1050 Walnut St, Ste 300, Boulder, CO 80302, USA; throop@boulder.swri.edu 2 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, UCB 389, Boulder, CO 80309-0389, USA Received 2007 November 7; accepted 2008 April 2; published 2008 May 14 ABSTRACT Young stars orbiting in the gravitational potential well of forming star clusters pass through the cluster’s dense molecular gas and can experience Bondi–Hoyle accretion from reservoirs outside their individual protostellar cloud cores. Accretion can occur for several million years after the stars form, but before the cluster disperses. This accretion is predominantly onto the disk and not the star. N -body simulations of stars orbiting in three young model clusters containing 30, 300, and 3000 stars are presented. The simulations include the gravitational potential of the molecular gas which smoothly disperses over time. The clusters have a star-formation efficiency of 33% and a radius of 0.22 pc. We find that the disks surrounding solar-mass stars in the N = 30 cluster accretes 0.01 M (1 minimum-mass solar nebula, MMSN) per Myr, with a 1 width of 50 times due to variati