[管理学]管理学—员工激励英文.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–* Exhibit 16–10 Integrating Contemporary Theories of Motivation ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–* Current Issues in Motivation Cross-Cultural Challenges Motivational programs are most applicable in cultures where individualism and quality of life are cultural characteristics Uncertainty avoidance of some cultures inverts Maslow’s needs hierarchy. The need for achievement (nAch) is lacking in other cultures. Collectivist cultures view rewards as “entitlements” to be distributed based on individual needs, not individual performance. Cross-Cultural Consistencies Interesting work is widely desired, as is growth, achievement, and responsibility. ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–* Current Issues in Motivation (cont’d) Motivating Unique Groups of Workers Motivating a diverse workforce through flexibility: Men desire more autonomy than do women. Women desire learning opportunities, flexible work schedules, and good interpersonal relations. ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–* Current Issues in Motivation (cont’d) Flexible Work/Job schedules Compressed work week Longer daily hours, but fewer days Flexible work hours (flextime) Specific weekly hours with varying arrival, departure, lunch and break times around certain core hours during which all employees must be present. Job Sharing Two or more people split a full-time job. Telecommuting Employees work from home using computer links. ? 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 16–* Current Issues in Motivation (cont’d) Motivating Professionals Characteristics of professionals Strong and long-term commitment to their field of expertise. Loyalty is to their profession, not to the employer. Have the need to regularly update their knowledge. Don’t define their workweek as 8:00 am to 5:00 pm. Motivators for professionals Job challenge Organizational support of their work