突破中学英语听力的几点建议.doc.docVIP

突破中学英语听力的几点建议 陕西省商南县高级中学 余明朝 众所周知，听是英语四项基本技能——听说读写之一，也是会考、中考、高考的必考项目。说的能力在很大程度上有赖于听的能力。不仅如此，现代研究阅读的专家们认为，训练有素的耳朵有助于同学们阅读，进而有助于写作。 由此可见，听力何等重要。下面就中学英语听力培养的问题提出几点建议。 打下坚实的语言知识基础 1．语音基础 正确的发音有助于区分不同单词的读音。如： The professor collected the papers himself. The professor corrected the papers himself. 读音不同，句子信息截然不同。 正确的重读可以帮助理解句子的交际功能。如： I didn’t know that you were leaving. 一般地说，代词在陈述句中不重读。但上面这句的you被重读，是强调你 而不是别人要离开。 正确的语调可以帮助理解句意。如： A burglar broke into his house.（表示可能） A burglar broke into his house?(表示不相信) 2．语法基础 下面是一个对话理解题： M: The city government has finally decided to build a high school. W: It’s about time they did it.I don’t know what took them so long. Q: What’s the woman’s opinion? 答案是：They should have built a high school long ago. 学生应知道划线词是虚拟语气表示愿望（他们早该这样做了）。但统计表明 一半学生选错答案。他们理解为：They have already built a high school and there’s no need to build another. 3．词汇基础 我们知道，许多英语单词和短语在不同的语境下意思不同。如： 动词fix意为：to fasten, to repair, 或者to arrange 动词短语pick up 意思是：to lift something up from the ground, to buy something without careful consideration beforehand 或者to increase speed. 4．句型和惯用语基础 进行听力训练时，没有更多的时间去思考。因此，学生必须相当熟悉常用 句型和惯用语。如： I can’t agree with you more.(I agree with you completely.) I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me.(I teach not because teaching is easy for me.) 二、培养有效的听力能力 1．抓住重要的细节的能力 只有仔细听，才能领会每句含义，且快速输入短期记忆。 下面是一个听故事回答问题的题目： 第一句：Our family is trying to decide where to go for our vacation this summer.紧接着说去年夏天去观光了Yellowstone Park.问题是：Where are they planning to go this year?大多数学生选择了错误的答案：They are going to Yellowstone Park.显然，学生被该故事吸引，却忘记了第一句话所提供的重要信息。 2．推断能力 在日常会话中，人们出于礼貌或强调，有时不便直接回答问题。如： W: Did you watch the game last night? M: I would’t have missed it for anything. Q: Did the man watch the game last night? 该先生的回答隐含着“Nothing could have prevented me from watching it.” 或简单说“Of course,I did. ”但只有30﹪的学生回答正确。可见，培养推断能力非常重要。 3．概括能力 下面这段对话是考察学生概括能力的： W: Did you want a day course or an evening course? M: Well, I would