(生物化学)RNA Processing.pdf

RNA Synthesis Bo Wen bowen75@fudan.edu.cn 2014-10-26 1 • RNA processing Overview 2 •“+” Adding Cap and tail •“-” Removing Introns 3 4 •“X” Alternative Splicing and editing 5 • Questions RNA Processing • RNA processing is the collective term used to describe the molecular events allowing the primary transcripts to become the mature RNA. hnRNP: hnRNA + proteins • The hnRNA synthesized by RNA Pol II is mainly pre-mRNA and rapidly becomes covered by proteins to form heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) • The hnRNP proteins are thought to help keep the hnRNA in a single-stranded form and to assist in the various RNA processing reactions Heterogeneous Ribonucleoproteins Decorate Nascent Transcripts 5 RNA processing Most newly Very few RNA transcribed RNA molecules are molecules (primary transcribed transcripts) directly into the undergo various final mature RNA. alterations to yield the mature product Overview of mRNA Processing in Eukaryotes 7 “+” Plus Adding Cap and tail Add a cap and a poly(A) tail to pre-mRNA Addition of nucleotides to 5’-or 3’- ends of the primary transcripts. 5’ CappingWhen? • Occurs shortly after initiation • When the nascent RNA chain is more than 20 -30 nt long, the 5’-end is chemically modified. 5’ CappingWhere? 7