[经济学]Introcution to Business 商学导论PPT IB08.pptVIP

Organizational Structure Learning Goals Explain the purpose of an organizational structure and how organizational structure varies among firms. Explain how accountability can be achieved in an organizational structure. Describe how centralized and decentralized organizational structures differ. Discuss methods firms can use to obtain employee input. Identify methods that can be used to departmentalize tasks. Key Terms autonomy board of directors centralized 集中的 chain of command 控制跨度（企业管理），控制面 compensation committee 薪酬委员会 decentralized 分散的，分权的 departmentalize 使……分部门 downsizing 缩减岗位 informal organizational structure 非正式组织结构 inside board members 企业内部董事，内部董事 internal auditor 内部审计员 Key Terms intrapreneurship 企业内部创业精神 line organization 分组式组织，直线式组织 line positions 决策岗位 line-and-staff organization 指挥和参谋组织 matrix organization 矩阵组织 nominating committee 提名委员会 organizational structure 组织结构 outside board members 外部董事 span of control 控制跨度（企业管理），管理幅度 staff positions 职员岗位 Structure and the Strategic Plan Organizational structure identifies : responsibilities for each job position relationships among those positions Organization chart: shows the interaction among job positions indicates chain of command identifies job position to which each type of employee must report indicates who is responsible for various activities ensures that managers make decisions that maximize firm’s value rather than serve their own interests Organization Chart Varying Structures Span of control: the number of employees managed by each manager, determined by top management.  few employees ? narrow span numerous employees ? wide span Organizational height: the number of management layers from the bottom to the top. tall organization ? many layers short/flat organization ? very few layers Use of Line versus staff positions Narrow Wide Span of Control Line versus Staff Positions Line positions: job positions established to make decisions that achieve specific business goals