高中英语语法独立主格.ppt

* 独立主格 -ing和过去分词在句中都要有逻辑主语,如： Standing in the front of the classroom，I feel nervous. Criticized by the teacher , I feel depressed. 但有时它们在句中找不到自己的逻辑主语,而它们一定要有逻辑主语，这时它们的逻辑主语就和句子的主语不一致了，如： Standing in the front of the classroom，my legs are shaking. I standing in the front of the classroom，my legs are shaking. 这就构成了独立的主语,一般为名词或代词,位于-ing和过去分词之前,和-ing或过去分词构成独立主格。独立主格在句中一般只作状语,而-ing和过去分词用哪种形式,则要根据它们的逻辑主语和其所表示的动作的主被动关系来定 如:The bell ringing, we all stopped talking. The work having been finished, she sat down to have a rest. 注意：独立主格中的being或having been常可省去,如:The meeting (being) over, all left the room. 另外：独立主格可用with复合结构来代替，其实，独立主格前加上with就构成with复合结构，with复合结构去掉with就构成独立主格。 She read the letter, tears rolling down her cheeks. 独立主格 She read the letter with tears rolling down her cheeks. with复合结构 独立主格结构的构成：  名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词 1 The test finished, we began our holiday.2 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.　　 名词(代词)+形容词 3 He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 名词(代词) +介词短语构成 4 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 1.___________,we went home. A. Our homework finished B. Our homework having been finished C. Our homework finishing D. Our homework been finished 2.Time _________,we shall visit the zoo. A.been permitting, B. permitting C. permitted D. having been permitted 3 _________, he put on his coat. A. It being cold B. It is cold C. Being cold D. It having been cold *