Graphene properties and production-材料合成化学课件PPT.pptVIP

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Graphene properties and production-材料合成化学课件PPT.ppt

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Graphene properties and production-材料合成化学课件PPT

Graphene Department of Material Science and Engineering Properties and production Outline Brief introduction of graphene One-atom-thick planar sheet of sp2-bonded carbon atoms Name comes from graphite + -ene Carbon-carbon bond length in graphene is about 0.142 nm Basic structural element of some carbon allotropes including graphite, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes. Aromatic molecule polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A. K. Geim K. S. Novoselov. The rise of graphene. Nature Materials Vol 6 183-191 (March 2007) Short history · The term ‘graphene’ first appeared in 1987. · Nature strictly forbids the growth of lowdimensional(low-D) crystals. · Nothing thinner than 50 to 100 layers was produced from 1990 to 2004. · A.K Geim at Manchester University managed to extract single-atom-thick crystallites (graphene) from bulk graphite in 2004. · The graphene ‘gold rush’ had begun. Professor A.K Geim Graphene is published this years Properties of graphene Electronic properties Graphene is a semi-metal or zero-gap semiconductor Properties of graphene High electron mobility at room temperature 200,000 cm2V?1s?1 at a carrier density of 1012 cm?2 High electrical conductivity Resistivity of the graphene sheet would be 10?6 Ω·cm High optical transparency The strongest material Breaking strength 200 times greater than steel Room-temperature quantum Hall effect Anomalous quantum Hall effect(low temperature) Potential applications Single molecule gas detection Integrated circuits and field-effect transistors(replace of Silicon) Transparent conducting electrodes Ultracapacitors(incredibly high surface area to mass ratio) Graphene biodevices (antibody-functionalized-graphene-sheets ) F. Schedin, A. K. Geim, Nature materials. Vol 6, 652-655(2007). Production methods Scotch tape(mechanical cleavage) Epitaxial growth(SiC/metals) Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) Sonication Solvothermal synthesis From nanotubes Scotch-tape method(mechanical cleavage) peeling o