Synthesis and application in LIB of Ge-材料合成化学课件PPT.ppt

Synthesis and application in LIB of Ge Introduction Background Synthesis of Ge nanowires Synthesis of Ge nanoparticles Synthesis of Ge nanocrystalline and films Conclusions Background Ge as anode material for LIB: High capacity – 1600mAh/g in theory forming alloy as Li4.4Ge,that is 4 times of graphite(372mAh/g). Poor cycling capability – because of the large volume expansion (400%) during the alloying process Syntheis of Ge nanowires GeNWs were synthesisized using VLS growth using CVD from GeH4 decomposition onto metalic substrate(stainless steel foil) A high-temperature(520oC) annealing step for 5 min under GeH4 flow preceding the lower-temperature(320oC) Mechanism of Ge nanowires growth Electrochemical properties The electrochemical properties were evaluated with the GeNWs on the SS substrate as the working electrode and Li foil as the counter electrode. No binders or conducting carbon were used The cell were made in an Argon-filled glove box. Structural morphology changes during the electrochemical cycling Synthesis of nanoparticle Ge confined in a carbon matrix Formation of Ge nanoparticles Application in LIB Spectra results of Ge nanoparticle Synthesis of Ge film and nanocrystalline TEM images of Ge film and nanocrystalline Electrochemical properties Conclusion Nanowires connected directly to the current collector have facile strain relaxation and material durability, short Li diffusion distances, and good electronic conduction. Nanoparticles confined in carbon matrix have good electronic conduction. Nano films have high surface area and short diffusion lengths of the active material and the absence of defects in nanophase materials. These reasons lead to good cycling capability * * Candace K. Chan, Xiao Feng Zhang, and Yi Cui Nano Lett., 2008, 8 (1), 307-309 The first charge/discharge capacity was 2967 mAh/g/1141 mAh/g.The discharge capacity remains stable at 1000mAh/g over 20 cycles (Figure a, inset) Discharging at C/5, C/2, C, and 2C (the charge wa