英国文学术语及问答题.docVIP

Some literary terms Epic – a long poem about deeds of a great hero or a nation’s past history Romance（骑士浪漫诗）– a long poem in verse or prose describing life adventures of a knight Ballad（歌谣）– a folk song with words that can be sung orally Morality play（道德剧） – presents the conflict between good and evil with intraduction of allegorical personages such as Mercy, Peace, Hate, Folly Blank verse (无韵体 素体诗)– poem in unrhymed iambic pentameter Spenserian(斯宾塞诗体) – a 9-line sonnet rhymed ababbcbcc, with the first 8 lines in iambic pentameter and the last line in iambic hexameter Heroic couplet (英雄偶句 双韵体)– 2-line stanza in iambic pentameter “3 Unities”(三一律原则) – unities of place, time and action in play writing Renaissance is a?progressive cultural movement?that first sprang in Italy in the 14th century?and later spread to the rest of Europe. Its influence was felt in art, literature, music, philosophy, politics, science, religion, and other aspects of intellectual inquiry. Renaissance scholars employed the?humanist?method in study, and searched for realism and human emotion in art. Humanism is its keynote (essence). Humanism is not a philosophy but a method of learning. Humanists would study ancient texts in the original and appraise them through a combination of reasoning and empirical evidence(实证). Humanists assert the genius of man, the unique and extraordinary ability of the human mind. They trust and celebrate man, man’s capability and power of art. They believe that man can mould the world according to their own desires and have the right to attain happiness in life. Enlightenment Movement (late 17th – mid 18th century) is a progressive intellectual movement, flourished first in France and swept through the whole Western Europe in the 18th century. It was a furtherance of the 16th-century Renaissance, with its purpose to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, preju