英语翻译长句分析概要1.pptVIP

长句的译法 翻译长句时，首先弄清原文的句法结构，找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思。 分析各层意思之间的相互逻辑关系（因果，时间，条件等） 按照汉语特点与表达方式，正确译出原文，不拘泥于原文形式。 主要译法 顺序法 逆序法 分译法 综合法 有些英语长句所叙述的一连串动作基本上是按照动作发生的时间先后安排，也有些英语长句的内容是按逻辑关系安排，这与汉语表达方法较一致，翻译时一般可按照原文顺序译出。 例1To Americans, being on ones own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices. 这是复合句,that引导宾语从句,其中capable and willing to make choices可以被看作宾语从句中的并列表语(其前省略了is)。翻译时采用顺序法。 例3 To protect the whale from the cold of the Arctic seas, nature has provided it with a thick covering of fat called blubber. When the whale is killed, the blubber is stripped off and boiled down, either on board ship or on shore. 大自然为了保护鲸，使它不至于在北冰洋受冻，便使它长了厚厚的一层脂肪，叫做鲸脂。鲸杀死后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。 有些英语长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同，甚至完全相反，这时就必须从原文后面译起，逆着原文的顺序翻译。 例1And I take heart from the fact that the enemy , which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple hours , has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions, because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way. 例2 The curtain was rung down in that phase of history, at least, by the sudden invention of the hydrogen bomb（氢弹）, of the ballistic missile（弹道导弹 ） and of rockets that can be aimed to hit the moon. ring down the curtain v. 落幕；结束 ring down 响铃；鸣铃（闭幕） Curtain [k?:t?n] n. 幕；窗帘 vt. 遮蔽；装上门帘 Aim to 计划，打算； 目标在于…；以…为目标 例3And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born , and the kind of people among whom he was born. 他出生在这一类人中间，他出生在这种地方，他有这样的母亲；这些要是让她知道了的话，他知道该多么丢人。 汉语多流水句，一个长句中可能有多个主语；而英语中一句话只有一个主语，因此在英译汉时，英语长句中的分句甚至短语往往拆分为若干汉语短句，为使语意连贯，有时还可适当增加词语。 例1.He unnecessarily spent a lot of time introducing this film, which the students are quite familiar with. 他用了很长时间介绍这部电影，其实没有必要，因为学生对它已经非常熟悉。 例2….and no living creature was to be seen except that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the graves……. …远近看不见任何动物，唯有苍翠的