翻译技巧：句子结构的转换 重复与替代_PPT课件.pptxVIP

翻译技巧—句子结构的转换等;英汉翻译技巧—句子结构的转换;The very short wavelengths of ultrasound make a great difference in what ordinary sound waves can do. 超声波的波长极短，其功能与普通声波相比大不相同。（主语分译） It is common knowledge that weight is a pull exerted on an object by the earth. 众所周知，重量是地球作用在物体上的引力。 A little yellow, ragged, lame, unshaven beggar came in. 进来一个瘸腿乞丐，他身材短小，面黄肌瘦，衣衫褴褛，满脸短髭。（定语分译） Illogically, she had expected some kind of miracle solution. 她期待着会有某些奇迹般的解决方法，这是不合情理的事。（状语分译） ;二、句子变换法;(3)把定语从句译成状语从句。如： The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from. 大使只宴请了几个人，因为他特地想和这些人谈谈，听听他们的意见。（表原因） He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for. 他坚持要再造一幢房子，尽管他并无此需要。（表让步） There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them． 这方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有气势，所以他们都很喜欢。（表结果） ;A cat, whose eyes can take in more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night. 因为猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜里能看得很清楚。 The computer, which seems to play the role of a human brain, is often called an electronic brain. 由于电子计算机起着类似人脑的作用，所以常称作电脑。 They have come desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families. 人们极其迫切地要求工作，不管什么工作，只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。 One will surely succeed who perseveres to the end. 只要坚持到底，就必定获得成功。 ;【例2】（我们要靠自己摆脱贫困）主要靠自己，同时不要闭关自守。 译文1: We should mainly rely on our own efforts while we should not close our doors to international exchanges. 译文2: While relying on our efforts, we should not close our doors. 原汉语的两个分句从结构上看是并列的，因此译文l可使用并列结构。添加的连接词while相当于whereas，是并列连接词，与原中文结构???拍。译文2的连接词while相当于when，是主从连接词，于是语义重心便落在we should not close our doors上了。从下文的语义上来看，说话人想传递的主要信息有可能是“不要闭关自守”，因此译文2也有其道理。 ;【例3】这项工作要加强规划和政策引导，尊重农民意愿。 This work requires good planning and sensible guidance of the farmers with our policies, though their wishes should also be respected. “尊重农民意愿”与前面一句在形式上是并列的，现译者主观地认为加强规划和政策引导是主要的，尊重农民意愿是第二位的，两者之间有主次关系，因此在英译中使用连接词though来体现这种主次关系。但如译者认为两者应该并列，也可改用and来连接。 ;【例4】二十多年来，我们