7过去完成时.docVIP

过去完成时/概念：过去某时或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作或情况， 即“过去的过去”。 2.时间状语：before 以前, by the end of last year去年年底by last year去年when,当。。。时候， after 在。。。之后, until 直到。。。时, by that time在那时, as soon as 一……就……”，即两个动词之间相隔时间非常短。 3.基本结构：had + 过去分词 4.否定形式：had + not + 过去分词 5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。 1.发生在“过去的过去”When I woke up, it had stopped raining.? 当我醒来时，已停止下雨。彼得收集了300多名中国邮票的时候，他十。到去年年底，他曾在工厂工作了二十年。过去完成时基本结构 由 had 加动词的过去分词构成。 例句： She said she had never been to Paris. 她说她从未去过巴黎。When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。陈述句：He said he had told Davy. 他说，他告诉戴维。They told us they had finished the work. 他们告诉我们，他们已经完成了工作。否定句:She hadn’t had dinner before she went out.　她还没有吃晚饭她出去。一般疑问句:Had she learnt English before she moved here? 她搬到这里之前，她学习英语？过去完成时的判断依据1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。 如： I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night. 我已经读完小说昨晚九点钟。（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。 如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. 上学期结束，我们已经学到了2万英文单词。（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。 如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 他们种植了六百年树木上周三之前。2. 由过去的过去来判定。 过去完成时表示过去的过去，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before.她说，她之前已经看过这部电影。（ 2 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： When I got to the station, the train had already left.当我到车站，火车已经开了。After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 他做完功课后，他就上床睡觉。注意： before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如： Where did you study before you came here?After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本…，未能… We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.我们希望你会来，但你没有。3. 根据上、下文来判定。 I met Wan