词义猜测题概要.pptVIP

* 词义猜测题 根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能，因此，词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。这类题包括猜测词语意思和判断指代内容。  猜测词语意思 要求考生根据语境猜测生词或短语的意思，或者推断熟词生义。 一、题干形式 题干中常含有mean或refer to。如： 1. The underlined word “ ...” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . (2010广东) 2. The underlined word “ ...” in Para.3 most probably means . (2008广东) 3. The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means . (2009广东) 4. What does the underlined word“ ...” mean? (2010重庆) 5. What does“ ...” in Paragraph 3 refer to? (2010江西) 二、解题方法 解答这类试题最重要的方法是理解含生词所处的上下文(也就是人们常说的语境)来推测其意思。几个小技巧： (1)根据接近或递进关系：由and或or等可确定生词的义域，推知它的大致意义。 (2)根据选择或相对关系：对比or (要么，或者)前面和后面的句子或词语,来猜测生词的含义。 (3)根据同位或解释关系：通过生词后的定语(定语从句或分词短语等)、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。 (4)根据转折或对比关系：由上下句之间的转折或对比关系来推测词义。 (5)根据因果关系：根据前后的因果关系来推断其中的某个生词或短语的意思。既可由因推果；也可由果推因。 (6)根据列举的实例：根据such as, for example等后列举的实例也可推测出前面某个词语的意思。 注意：考题中若要求我们猜测熟悉词语的意思，我们必须通过上下文得出其在特定场合下的特殊意思，那些常规含义的选项不会是要选择的正确答案。 (1) ［2010广东］When something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying to say, “Well, it’s so-and-so’s fault.” or “I know I’m late, but it’s not my fault; the car broke down.” It is probably not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. (2) ［2009广东］We studied the board critically. Some of us looked with one eye and held up certain colors against the blackboard, rocking the sheets to the right or left while we conjured up our designs. Others twisted their hair around their fingers or chewed their erasers while deep in thought. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success. 47. The underlined word “remedy” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . A. avoid B. accept C. improve D. consider 1. C 据上文推测。由上文，你没有能力也不可能“改变the (bad) situation”， 然而“你可以remedy the situation”，根据其逻辑关系不难推出，remedy 应是“改善”之意。 C. improve 47. The u