(食品营养与安全)Chapter13Child, Teen and Older Adult.ppt

Chapter 13 Child, Teen and Older Adult Think about it What’s your experience with acne and eating particular foods? What were your eating habits like during adolescence? What behavior changes would you consider making now that would help you live longer? Your grandmother takes numerous vitamin supplements. Do you have any concerns about this? Your grandfather lives by himself and relies on frozen food for his nutritional needs. How do you feel about this strategy? Childhood Childhood is the term that cover the years from age 1 through the beginning of adolescence. Growth in childhood, while continuous, occurs at a significantly slower rate than in infancy. During the childhood years, a typical child will gain about 5 pounds and grow 2-3 inches annually. Children can be divided into three groups based on their age and development: toddler (age 1-3); preschooler (age 4-5); and school-aged children (age 6-10) 1. Foods at One Year 2 -3 cups cow’s milk Use whole milk until age 1 Excessive milk intake can contribute to anemia (milk NOT a good source of Fe) Balance and variety from all food groups Drink liquids from a cup, not a bottle Sample Menu for One Year Old (1) Growth and Nutrient needs Growth rate decreases at age one year Appetite decreases Child’s appetite fluctuates Child regulates own food intake Prior to adolescent growth spurt, accumulate nutrient stores Energy Needs Needs vary widely because of growth and physical activity Energy requirements 1 year: 1000 kcals 6 years: 1,600 kcals 10 years: 2,000 kcals Inactivity can lead to obesity Macronutrient Needs Carbohydrate recommendations same as for adults Fiber intakes change with age Fat Ages 1 – 3 years 30 – 40% kcals from fat Ages 4 – 18 years 25 – 35% kcals from fat Protein needs increase slightly with age Vitamin Mineral Needs Needs increase with age Balanced diet meets all needs except iron Iron-fortified foods are important Supplements not needed (2) Feeding with Love Childhood is our chance to in