天心学宫谈：《哈佛积极心理学》(修订版)培训资料.ppt

Question 1 How do happy people behave? 幸福的人的行为举止是怎样的呢? What do they do that makes them happy? 他们做了什么事，使得他们幸福呢？ To answer that question, we can look at some recent research studies on happiness. Diener and Seligman, 2002 A comparison of happy people and unhappy people. 比较幸福的人与不幸福的人 Diener and Seligman, 2002 Participants reported satisfaction with life 生活满意度 Mood 心境 information about friendships 有关友谊的资料 personality traits 人格特质 Then the authors compared People with the highest happiness scores “very happy” and People with the lowest happiness scores “unhappy” Results（结果） Very happy people differed from unhappy people in a number of ways. 在许多方面，非常幸福的人不同于不幸福的人。 Very happy people Had strong and satisfying interpersonal relationships 拥有牢固和满意的人际关系 Were more extraverted and more agreeable 更外向，更爽快 Never reported feeling ecstatic or exuberantly happy 从未报告说感觉到狂喜或者幸福非凡 Unhappy people Reported fewer close friends, fewer romantic relationships, and weaker family relationships. 报告较少的亲密朋友，较少的浪漫关系，以及较弱的家庭关系 Reported more negative emotions than very happy people. 与非常幸福的人相比，报告更多负面情绪 Question 2 How do happy people deal with rejection, or not getting what they want? 幸福的人如何处理拒绝呢？或者说，没有得到他们想要的东西时，他们怎样做的呢？ Lyubomirsky and Ross, 1999 The Dessert Study “甜点研究” Participants（被试）: Rated 10 desserts（评估10种甜点） Learned they would receive a dessert 得知他们会收到一种甜点 Rated the desserts again 再次评估这些甜点 Results Happy people rated the dessert they received highly 对他们收到的甜点的评估非常高 also agreed the desserts they had rated highly but had not received still sounded good 也同意原来评估很高但没有收到的甜点还是非常不错 Results Unhappy people also rated the dessert they received highly 对他们收到的甜点的评估也非常高 But they insulted the desserts they were denied 但是，他们蔑视他们得不到的甜点 The College Study “大学研究” High school seniors （高中毕业生）evaluated colleges（评价大学） after applying（在申请之后） again after learning which colleges accepted them and selecting which college they would ultimately attend. 在得知哪些大学已经接受他们，以及选好他们最后就读哪所大学之后，再次评价 Results----Happy stu