庄子‘庖丁解牛’寓言析论兼谈其在大学国文教学中的运用.pdfVIP

屏東教育大學學報-人文社會類 第三十三期 年 月 頁 － 2009 9 173 196 莊子「庖丁解牛」寓言析論 ─兼談其在大學國文教學中的運用 簡光明 摘要 「庖丁解牛」是莊子的名篇，為高中及大學國文教科書常見的選 文。高中國文教學主要為注音、解釋、翻譯，在思想層面上的解析較 為不足，大學國文教學則可以進行多元層次的解析，本文即希望提供 「庖丁解牛」寓言的多元詮釋。論文先提出莊子寓言的解讀策略，以 便掌握莊子的表意方式，其次解析庖丁解牛寓言的義理，以做為論述 的基礎，然後將禪宗思想與莊子「庖丁解牛」思想做比較，說明思想 上的呼應，再進一步從「匠」、「師」、「家」三個層級說明庖丁的 心路歷程與技職人員的層次，若能從技術進階藝術，就能讓生命獲得 保養。國文教學屬於通識教育，因此有必要談「庖丁解牛」寓言與技 職通識教育的關聯，並提供莊子有關技術方面的寓言，以明其思想， 做為教學之延伸閱讀。本論文希望透過多元面向地解析莊子「庖丁解 牛」寓言，俾能說明其在大學通識教 育國文教學中的意義。 關鍵詞：莊子、庖丁解牛、國文教學、通識教育 簡光明：國立屏東教育大學 中國語文學系副教授 投稿日期：2009 年 03 月 31 日，接受日期：2009 年 06 月 05 日 1 74 屏東教育大學學報-人文社會類 第三十三期 The Analysis of Zhuan Zhi’s Fable “Dismembering a Cow”. －Comments on its usage in University Chinese Teaching Kuang-Ming Chien Abstract Zhuan Zhi’s “Dismembering a Cow” is always a selected piece for the high school and university students. Although the pronunciation, interpretation and translation of the essay are the main purposes for the high school students, the analysis of its fabulous meaning is insufficient. This article is an attempt to make different layers of analysis on the fable “Dismembering a Cow” for the university students. Firstly, methods to decode Zhuan Zhi’s fables are introduced to the readers in order to know his expression skills. Secondly, the meaning of “Dismembering a Cow” would be analyzed and treated as a base for comments made. Thirdly, a comparison would be also made between the thought of Zen and the fabulous meaning of the essay. Finally, the meaning of three different levels, craftsman, mentor and master, would be explored in order to explain the tasks and mind of the cook who dismembered a cow. It is clear that life could be preserved if crafts turn into arts. Chinese tea