Cooperative Strategy合作策略.pptVIP

Cooperative Strategy Week 8 Outline Types of cooperative strategies Reasons firms develop strategic alliances Business level cooperative strategies Corporate level cooperative strategies International cooperative strategies Network cooperative strategies Strategic Alliance The primary cooperative strategy Explicit forms of relationships between firms Joint venture Equity strategic alliance Non-equity strategic alliance Implicit forms Tacit collusion Mutual forebearance Forms of Strategic Alliance Joint ventureAn independent firm is created by joining the assets of two separate firms, where each contributes 50% of the total Equity strategic allianceA partnership where the two partners do not own equal shares Non-equity strategic alliance A contract is given to supply, produce or distribute a firm’s goods or services (without equity sharing) Includes licensing, distribution agreements, supply contracts Implicit Cooperative Strategies Tacit collusion**Tacit cooperation between firms to reduce industry output below potential competitive level to maintain higher prices Mutual forbearance**Recognition of interdependence **Illegal, unless regulated by the government Types of Market Slow Cycle Standard Cycle Fast Cycle Slow Cycle Markets Markets that are sheltered or are near monopolies. These are often used in emerging markets with restricted entry. Cooperation is often designed to develop standards. Government regulation generally is present to avoid price discrimination. Standard-Cycle Markets Are often large and oriented toward economies of scale Alliances are more likely to be between partners with complementary resources, capabilities, and core competencies. Fast-Cycle Markets Fast-cycle markets are entrepreneurial and dynamic, with new products or services imitated rapidly. Reasons for Strategic Alliances In Slow-cycle markets: Gaining access to a market that is not open to other entry strategies Establishing a franchise in a new market Maintaining market stab