TCPIP详解_04【IP协议】.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * Layer 3 of 9: Emphasize: In layer 3, draw a line after the recursive ones in the subnet mask. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Purpose: This figure explains what networks look like without subnets. Without subnets, use of network addressing space is inefficient. The Class B network is like a highway with no exits—there is no place to exit, so all of the traffic is in one line. * * Purpose: This figure describes network structure when subnets are used. Emphasize: The host bits of an IP address can be subdivided into a subnetwork section and a host section. The subnetwork section in this example is the full third octet. Point out the difference in the addressing between the previous slide and this slide. A subnetted address space is like a highway with exits. A network device uses a subnet mask to determine what part of the IP address is used for the network, the subnet, and the device ID. A subnet mask is a 32-bit value containing a number of one bits for the network and subnet ID and a number of zero bits for the host ID. Given its own IP address and subnet mask, a device can determine if an IP packet is destined for 1) a device on its own subnet, 2) a device on a different subnet on its own network, or 3) a device on a different network. A device can determine what class of address the device has been assigned from its own IP address. The subnet mask then tells the device where the boundary is between the subnet ID and the host ID. * * Layer 1 of 2: Purpose: This figure shows what would happen if there were no subnetting. Emphasize: If networks could not be broken down into more granular, subnetworks few networks could exist, each with a capacity for many hosts. * * Layer 1 of 2: Emphasize: By turning on more bits in the mask, we reserve some bits as network information and can use these bits to describe subnetworks. Describe how the router makes use of this technique. Point