2018年高一英语同步测控：Unit 4 Body Language Grammar（新人教必修4）.docVIP

高一英语同步测控： 必修4 Unit 4 Body Language 第3课时Grammar 课前预习 Pay attention to the following sentences 1.reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐车 2.Who is the comrade standing by the door? 3.They lived in a house facing south. 4.Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students. 5.Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood 了解V_ing做＿＿定语＿＿的用法 了解V_ing作＿＿状语＿＿的用法 实战演练 一、 v-ing做定语的用法 V-ing.做定语①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如： reading room 阅览室 swimming pool游泳池 dining car 餐车 the exciting news令人振奋的消息 a boring speech令人乏味的演出 ②V-ing.分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个定语从句。如： Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁？ They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。 二、 V-ing分词做状语： V-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 ①V-ing分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while引出。如： While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。 Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。 ②V-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如： Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。 Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。 ③V–ing分词短语作结果状语。如： His father died, leaving him a lot of money.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。 She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。 ④V-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如： They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。 ⑤V-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如： Standing at the foot of a high mountain, a person will find himself very small. 一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。 注：V-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。 ⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如： His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。 Without anyone