城镇居民老龄化的挑战和对策毕业论文初稿.docxVIP

毕业设计报告(论文) 城镇居民老龄化的挑战和对策 ----以江苏省为例 城镇居民老龄化的挑战和对策 ---- 以江苏省为例 摘 要 第六次人口普查资料显示，60岁及以上人口为177648705人，占总人口的13.26%，其中65岁及以上人口为118831709人，占8.87%。同2000年第五次全国人口普查相比，60岁及以上人口的比重上升2.93个百分点，65岁及以上人口的比重上升1.91个百分点。本文基于江苏省近几年人口抽样调查特别是第五次人口普查资料以及2005年1%抽样调查，阐述了江苏城镇老年化的历程和趋势，归纳出江苏城镇人口老龄化“两大三高”（即绝对值大、地区差异大；高速、高龄、高老年抚养比）的特点。根据调查和资料总结出江苏人口老龄化所带来的问题和影响。同时，就如何应对这一挑战在借鉴国外先进经验的基础上，提出了诸如长期稳定生育水平，减少未来老年人口；实行弹性退休制度，充分发挥老年人力资源优势；并提出采取多种措施，积极应对人口老龄化所带来的问题。这对于认识江苏人口现状、制定科学的人口老龄化对策具有现实的、重要的借鉴意义。 关键词：江苏省；人口老龄化 ；原因；特点；对策和建议 The challenges of aging urban and Countermeasures Abstract Sixth census data show that the population aged 60 and over 177,648,705 of the total population of 13.26%, of which the population aged 65 and over 118,831,709, accounting for 8.87%. With the fifth national census in 2000 compared to the population aged 60 and above increased by 2.93 percentage points the proportion aged 65 and above increased by 1.91 percentage points the proportion. Based in Jiangsu Province in recent years, a sample survey of population census data, especially the fifth and 1% sample survey in 2005, described the course of aging cities and towns in Jiangsu and trends, summarize the aging of urban population in Jiangsu, two three-high (ie, large absolute value, large regional differences; high-speed, age, high elderly dependency ratio) characteristics. According to the survey and the data summarized in Jiangsu caused by population aging issues and impact. At the same time to learn how to meet this challenge, based on the advanced experience of foreign countries, such as the proposed long-term stable birth rate and reduce the future elderly population; the implementation of flexible retirement system to give full play to the old labor resources; and proposed various measures to actively response to population aging-related problems. This demographic situation awareness in Jiangsu, to develop scientific measures of population aging has a practical and important refe