高一英语《Carnival》课件3.ppt

* Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing Module 4　Carnival 语法精讲专项突破 [品味经典] 1．His bag _____________yesterday. 2．Enough ___________________about this question. 3．A new hospital ______________in our city. 4．My bike __________________by Tom now. was stolen has been said will be built is being repaired [自我探究] 上面几句话的谓语都使用了________语态。 构成形式为“_________________”，_____的变化构成各种时态的被动语态。 被动 be＋过去分词 be 一、英语的及物动词有两种语态 　主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中主语是谓语动词的执行者；被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者。被动语态由助动词be＋动词的过去分词构成。助动词be随主语有人称、数和时态变化。 讲解归纳 被动语态的各种时态形式 一般现在时 is/am/ are done 现在进行时 is/am/ are being done 现在完成时 has/have been done 一般过去时 was/were done 过去进行时 was/were being done 过去完成时 had been done 将来时 will/shall be done 过去将来时 would/ should be done 将来完成时 will/shall have been done 二、用法 1．不知道动作的执行者，或没必要说出或不愿或不便说出动作的执行者时。 The window hasn’t been cleaned for weeks. 窗户已有数星期没擦了。 You are wished to do it more carefully. 希望你做的更仔细些。 2．强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身时。 All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home. 鼓励除了经理外所有的雇员在家里上网工作。 3．当动作的执行者不是人时。 The children were all shocked by the death of their mother. 听到妈妈的死讯孩子们都震惊了。 三、被动语态的特殊形式 1．含有情态动词的被动结构为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 He must be prevented from going. 必须阻止他去。 2．get＋过去分词为被动语态的变化形式，强调结果。 She got hurt last week. 她上星期受伤了。 3．双宾语结构用于被动语态时，通常将间接宾语变为主语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. →He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 4．使役动词have，make，let以及感官动词see，watch，notice，hear，feel，observe 等在主动语态中后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补；在被动语态中后跟带to的动词不定式。 (可简单记为：make，let与have，感官动词help，动词原形作宾补，被动语态要加to) Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. →A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 四、主动形式表被动意义 1．当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等系 动词后面接形容词时；当cut，read，sell，wear，cook，shut，dry，drink，wash等表示某种性质时且带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。例如： The fish smells good.鱼闻起来很香。 The book written by that famous writer is selling very well.那位作家写的书很畅销。 Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很柔软。 These cups clean easily.这些杯子很容易洗。 2．下面的短语经常使用主动语态： come out，come into being，go off， run out，give out，give in，belong to，happen，come