94_时态总括_7.23.docVIP

一 一般将来时 ?1)　shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。表示不随人的意志改变的事情　　will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。　　Which paragraph shall I read first? 　　Will you be at home at seven this evening? 他明年大学毕业。 在以后的两个月中，你每周要上三节课。2)　be going to +不定式，表示将来。　 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。　　　What are you going to do tomorrow?　 b. 计划，安排要发生的事。　　 The play is going to be produced next month。 We are going to collect more rocks to study where the moon is from. 　 c. 有迹象要发生的事　　 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 今年冬天我打算买一件新大衣。 看那乌云！天要下雨了。3)　 be about to 表示眼看着就要发生的事情，它不能和表示将来意义的时间状语连用， 但能和now 连用。 These young fellows are about to start at once. ( wrong)　　 be going to / will ?Will 表示说话人认为、相信、希望或假设要发生的事；be going to 指有迹象表明某事即将发生或肯定发生。 He will get better. He is going to get better. There is somebody at the door. I’ll go and open it. ( 去开门完全是即时做出的动作) Your aunt is coming to see us this afternoon. I am going to meet her at the bus stop. （作好了安排之后才实施的接人。） 二　将来完成时 构成　shall ( will ) have +分词 功能　表示将来某时之前或某动作发生之前已经完成的动作。 I shall have finished it by next Friday. They will have been graduated from university before 2008. 音乐会将在八点半开始。你到达时，他们就将已演奏半小时了。 到下周一，她在这里学习就要满三年了。 三 一般现在时 构成 第三人称单数有变化 +s, y-ies, “o,s,x.ch,sh”结尾的动词加es 功能 1）表示习惯，永久性的和反复发生的动作 （often, sometimes, usually, always, twice a month, every week, on Sundays, occasionally, normally, generally, weekly, now and then, every so often, as a rule, rarely.） Birds fly. He seldom eats meat. I never sit up late into the night. Some people often take walks on the night of the rising moon. 2) 表示特征，能力或现在的状态。 She loves music. He doesn’t speak French. She lives in a villa at the foot of the hill. 3) 表示普遍真理，也用在格言中。 The earth moves round the sun. Newton said many years ago that there is a gravitational pull between any two objects. Time and tide wait for no man. 四 现在进行时 构成 is ( am + are) + 现在分词 功能 1） 表示正在进行的动作或发生的事 It’s blowing hard. It is snowing outside. 2) 表示短时间内持续的动作 She is learning English at college. We start work at 8:00. For this week, we ar