pituitrin垂体后叶素ergotalkaloids麦角生物碱prostaglandins.pptVIP

17α位由烷基取代的睾酮类药物可干扰肝内毛细胆管的排泄功能，可能引起黄疸。1968年国际奥委会开始对女运动员检查染色体。运动员服用同化激素作为兴奋剂 * 抗雄激素药物可用于男性的化学去势 * * Morning after pill * B. Progestogens antiprogestogens Progestogens 1. Pharmacological effects: (1) Convert the uterine epithelium from the proliferative to the secretory phase; (2) Inhibit LH secretion and ovulation (contraceptive effect); (3) Inhibit uterine contraction (4) Mammary acinus (乳腺腺泡) development; (5) Affect thermoregulation, promote protein catabolism B. Progestogens antiprogestogens Progestogens 2. Clinical uses: (1) Menstrual disorders: dysfunctional uterine bleeding; dysmenorrhea (痛经); endometriosis(子宫内膜异位症). (2) Endometrial cancer (子宫内膜癌); (3) Prostatic hypertrophy 前列腺肥大 and cancer; (4) Abortion: threatened abortion (先兆流产), and habitual abortion (习惯性流产), etc. (5) Contraception combining with estrogens. 3. Adverse effects: Gastrointestinal reactions; Virilization in female fetus (女性胎儿男性化); Acne (痤疮); Hirsulism (多毛) B. Progestogens antiprogestogens Progestogens Antiprogestogens (抗孕激素药) Mifepristone (米非司酮) - a derivation of synthetic progestogens norethindrone (炔诺酮). - antagonizes progestogen receptors. - used for emergency contraception and termination of early pregnancy. B. Progestogens antiprogestogens Androgens (雄激素) Testosterone(睾酮, 睾丸酮) Testosterone undecanoate (十一酸睾酮) 。。。。。。 Natural androgens: Synthetic androgens: Methyltestosterone (甲睾酮) Testosterone propionate (丙酸睾酮) Testosterone phenylacetate (苯乙酸睾酮) C. Androgens antiandrogens C. Androgens antiandrogens 1. Pharmacological effects: (1) Development of the male sexual organs and secondary sex characteristics; (2) Necessary for normal spermatogenesis; (3) Promote growth of blood cells in bone marrow (by increasing EPO) (4) Increase protein anabolism (anabolic effect). Androgens (雄激素) 2. Clinical uses: (1) Replacement therapy: male hypogonadism (男性性腺发育不全) (2) Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, especially with postmenopausal syndr