毕业设计基于单片机的简易电子琴设计.doc

摘要 随着科学技术的不断发展，单片机的应用日益成熟。单片机集成度高、处理功能强大、价格低廉使其在各个领域得到广泛应用。同时电子琴作科学技术与音乐共同发展的产物，在这个电子信息化的时代，为音乐的大众化做出了不可代替的贡献。 本文主要介绍一种基于51单片机的简易电子琴设计方案。它采用了STC公司出品的一款低功耗、高性能单片机STC89C52芯片作为主控单元，与4*4矩阵键盘、复位电路、LED双位数码显示器、扬声器等组成主控核心模块。文章详细论述了电子琴硬件设计和软件结构设计流程，采用了Altium Designer 09画出原理图、PCB图，通过Keil编程软件对电子琴进行软件编程，然后进行软硬件的调试运行并将程序烧录到STC89C52芯片中。此系统运行比较稳定，具有硬件设计电路简单、清晰，成本低，软件功能完善，控制系统牢靠，性价比高等优点，具有一定的实用和参考价值。 关键词：STC89C52；电子琴；矩阵键盘 Abstract Along with the development of science and technology, the application of SCM increasingly mature. Single chip microcomputer high level of integration, processing powerful, low prices make it is widely used in various fields. At the same time the keyboards for science and technology and music common development of the product, in the electronic information era, for musics popular do cant replace contribution. This paper mainly introduces a kind of simple keyboard based on 51 SCM design scheme. It USES the STC product of our company a low power consumption, high performance microprocessor STC89C52 chips as the master unit, and 4 * 4 matrix keyboard and reset circuit, LED digital display, a double master core module and other components of the speaker. This paper discusses the design of hardware and software structure keyboard design process, the use of a Altium Designer 09 draw a diagram, PCB figure, through the Keil software keyboard to software programming, then the software and hardware debugging run and will burn to STC89C52 chip program. Operation of the system is stable and has the hardware circuit design simple, clear, and the cost is low, the software perfect function, control system firm, price higher advantages, has certain practical and reference value. Key words : stc89c52; keyboard; matrix keyboard  目录 摘要 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 1.1 设计的目的和意义 1 1.2 设计的主要内容 1 2 系统概述 2 2.1 系统工作原理 2 2.2 系统结构组成 2 2.2.1 电源电路 2 2.2.2 控制部分 3 2.2.3 显示部分 3 2.2.4 发声部分 3 2.3 主要芯片及元件的介绍 3 2.3.1 STC89C52单片机简介 3 2.3.2 芯片引脚介绍 4 2.3.3 STC89C52时钟介绍