浅析稀土资源出口存在的问题与对策经济学学士.doc

Abstract Resources play a great role for industrial development, and the rare-earth resources is known as the industrial vitamin. Its role has attracted increasing attention; it has been popular in developed countries. However, as Chinas domestic market, the order of disorder, regulation is not in place, information asymmetry and other reasons, leading to low export prices of rare earth resources, causing environmental damage, waste of resources and the loss of Chinas economic interests. Face of the current situation, we needed to find ways to resolve disputes, protect the domestic rare earth resources, organize the order of industrial enterprises. This article revolves around the theme of the export of rare earth resources, first, an overview of rare earth resources, expounding the Chinese presence in the 20th century the production of the order of 90s disorder, low-priced exports, and there is no systematic industry, and so on. It then describes the export of rare earth in the last 10 years, new problems, namely, the financial crisis caused by trade disputes with the rare-earth enterprises to survive the crisis and other issues. Finally, the export of rare earth resources, status and causes of the problems in analysis, namely analysis of export policy, and rare earths international supply and demand, the future of rare-earth planning, international sensitivity and so on. Key Words：Rare-earth resources, export prices, production order 引言 在稀土资源的国际需求拉动下，我国稀土资源的出口量不断增加，而由此引发的一些问题渐渐引起我国的注意与关心。在这些问题中，生产秩序紊乱与开采稀土资源引发的环境恶化问题尤为突出，影响着本国经济与国际贸易的可持续健康发展，因此稀土资源出口问题亟需解决。所以通过各方面政策稀土资源出口问题的改善，将会使我国的资源战略地位更加稳固，促进经济的可持续发展。 1.导论 1.1 研究背景与目的 首先，我们来看一则有关于稀土资源出口争端的新闻。以下的文字综述是笔者由此次事件各方面报道中组织总结出来的。2009年11月4日，美国贸易代表办公室发表声明宣布，美国已与欧盟和墨西哥一起，要求世界贸易组织设立专家组，审理和裁决所谓中国限制原材料出口的问题，称中国对原材料包括铝土矿、焦炭、氟石、镁、锰、金属硅、碳化硅、黄磷和锌等限制出口，目的在于使中国相关企业在国际竞争方面取得“不公平优势”。应美欧墨的要求，世界贸易组织于11月19日召开了争端解决机构的会议。中国在会议上拒绝了美国、欧盟和墨西哥提出的就所谓中国限制原材料出口问题设立专家组的要求，并重申中国相关出口管理措施符合世界贸易组织的政策。由此次事件可以看出，由于2008年爆发的金融危机，以美国为首世界上很多国家都遭受到了重大的损失，恢