农村住宅外墙保温节能设计与节能材料.docVIP

农村住宅外墙保温节能设计与节能材料 摘要：在农村建筑围护结构传热能耗中，外墙约占25%，故改善墙体的保温隔热性能能够有效提高建筑的节能效果。目前，民用建筑常用的外墙保温有外保温、内保温与夹心保温三种方法，相比之下，以外保温优势最为明显。常见的外墙保温材料有膨胀型聚苯乙烯（EPS）板、挤塑型聚苯乙烯（XPS）板、膨胀珍珠岩、岩棉板以及超轻保温浆料等，农村地区可以利用其特色资源优势，用玉米秸秆、麦秸、干花生壳、碎枯草等作为节能保温材料。在不断推广外墙保温技术的同时，也要加强新型节能材料的开发和利用，真正实现建筑节能。 关键词： 传热系数；建筑节能；外墙保温；节能材料 Research on Thermal Insulation Technology of Rural Residential External Walls and insulation material LIU yu-feng (College of Architecture , North China of Water Resources and Electric Power) Abstract External wall accounts for about 25% of the energy consumption of heat transfer in rural building envelop. Therefore, to improve the wall insulation performance can improve building energy-saving effect. Until now, there are three kinds of energy conservation technologies for enclosure structure of buildings in our country: exterior thermal insulation on exterior wall; interior thermal insulation on exterior wall; sandwich thermal insulation. After analyzing their advantages and disadvantages, it’s found that the advantages of exterior thermal insulation on exterior wall are the most outstanding. The common external insulation materials include Expanded Polystyrene Boards, Extruded polystyrene boards, Expanded perlite and rock wool board. In rural areas ,many characteristics of resource can be used as insulation materials, like corn stalks, wheat straw dry peanut shells, and broken hay. Therefore, while vigorously popularizing the exterior wall insulation techno logy, new energy- saving materials need to be developed and utilized so as to truly achieve energy- saving architecture Key words Hear transfer coefficient; Building energy-saving; Insulation of external wall; Energy-saving materials 引言 我国农村地区面广量多，在农村建筑围护结构传热能耗中，外墙约占25%，故改善墙体的保温隔热性能能够有效提高建筑的节能效果。 评价围护结构保温性能的指标 传热系数 K 围护结构的传热系数K是指在两侧单位空气温差的情况下，在单位时间内通过单位面积的传热量。它表明冷热流体间温度相差1时，通过每平方米面积，每秒钟可传递的热量 K值是反映传热过程强弱的指标。 热惰性指标 D 热惰性指标DD=R· S 其中：R——围护结构传热热阻，㎡·K／W·K)。 由于热阻R表达了材料层抵抗热流波的能力，而蓄热系数表达材料层抵抗温度波的能力，表征围护结构对温度波衰减快慢程度的无量纲指标。热惰性指标D越大，说