中山大学-构造地质学-显微构造的观察研究.pptVIP

中山大学-构造地质学-显微构造的观察研究.ppt

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显微地质构造、各种显微构造的特征,为宏观构造的发生、发展及生成联系提供了更细致的依据。 A、显微构造的形貌特征 (1)岩石的脆性变形特征 显微贝壳状断口,如石英;显微断层和“裂而不破”现象 (2)岩石的塑性变形特征 劈理、线理、显微褶皱 B、矿物表面的显微构造 如擦痕、坑形磨损; C、显微构造对活断层的判释意义等。 Cleavage Traditionally: the property of a rock to split along a regular set of sub-parallel, closely-spaced planes A more general concept adopted by some geologists is to consider cleavage to be any type of foliation in which the aligned platy phyllosilicates are too fine grained to see individually with the unaided eye Foliation is a common result, which allows us to estimate the orientation of s1 GNEISSIC STRUCTURE Dislocation migration forms two strain-free subgrains Analysis of Deformed Rocks Deformational events: D1 D2 D3 … Metamorphic events: M1 M2 M3 … Foliations: So S1 S2 S3 … Lineations: Lo L1 L2 L3 … Plot on a metamorphism-deformation-time plot showing the crystallization of each mineral Analysis of Deformed Rocks Analysis of Deformed Rocks 二、变质作用与变形作用关系判别 在显微镜下,观察变质矿物的形态特征、优选方位、显微变形结构、变斑晶与叶理之间的关系和变斑晶中矿物包裹体定向分布Si与基质叶理Se之间的关系等,是作为判别变质矿物和变形作用之间相对序次的标志,因此,分为: 构造前 同构造 变质矿物 构造后 Illustration of a recovery process in which dislocations migrate to form a subgrain boundary. a. Undulose extinction and (b) elongate subgrains in quartz due to dislocation formation and migration a b Left: Asymmetric crenulation cleavage (S2) developed over S1 cleavage. S2 is folded, as can be seen in the dark sub-vertical S2 bands. Field width ~?2 mm. Right: sequential analysis of the development of the textures. Figure.1 Graphical analysis of the relationships between deformation (D), metamorphism (M), mineral growth, and textures in the rock. Progressive development (a ? c) of a crenulation cleavage for both asymmetric (top) and symmetric (bottom) situations. Figure. Symmetrical crenulation cleavages in amphibole-quartz-rich schist. Note concentration of qua

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