(七)长句的翻译.pptVIP

长句的翻译 How to translate long sentences? 英汉语句法主要差异： 1. 英语句子重形合（hypotaxis），汉语句子重意合 （parataxis）。 Main principles for translating long sentences: 原序翻译 分译 变序翻译 原序翻译 按照汉语原来的句子顺序翻译（多见于法律，经济，科技等结构严谨的文本） Example # 1. 我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，他们都从他们的“造物主”那里被赋予某些不可转让的权利，其中包括生命权，自由权，追求幸福的权利。 We hold these truth to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. 分译 把原来的句子拆成两句或两句以上(见陈宏薇，《汉英翻译基础》)。 含有疑问句、感叹句或反诘句 ； 含有比方句； 含有概括句； 含有对立句； 含有阐述句； 含有多层次的意义。 Examples: 总之，微波只能以直线的方式传播，没有一系列的转播塔，它们就不能越过漫长的距离，把消息传递到遥远的地方。 In short, microwaves can only travel in straight line. ‖ Without a series of relay towers, it is impossible for them to send messages over long distances to remote places. （新）凤霞的一生过来不易，受过贫穷，受过冻饿，受过说不尽的欺侮折磨，但是她都能经受，在最强大的压力和打击面前没有屈服，没有讨饶，没有流泪。 Fengxia’s life has been hard. ‖ She has experienced poverty, hunger and cold, insult or even torture. But she has endured all tremendous pressures and attacks without giving up, begging or shedding tears. 另一种态度，学习的时候用脑筋想一下，学那些和我国情况相适合的东西，即吸取对我们有益的经验，我们需要的是这样一种态度。 The other attitude is to think and learn what is compatible to our contexts, that is, to absorb whatever useful experience.‖ This is the attitude we should adopt. 在任何一个地区内，不能同时有许多中心工作，在一定时间内只能有一个中心工作，辅以别的第二位，第三位的工作。 In any given locality, more than one central task could not co-exist at the same time. ‖ At any one time there could only be one central task, supplemented by other tasks of a secondary or third-tier importance. 以农民为例，他们现在更乐于使用科学种田法，由于种植杂交水稻的面积增加，单位面积的产量也增加了。 Take the farmers for example. ‖ They are now eager to use scientific methods for farming. ‖ The amount of land devoted to hybrid rice has risen so that the per-mu yield has gone up considerably. 变序翻译 按照译语的习惯重新组织和排列句子的语序。 Example # 1: 面对人口老龄化发展趋势,社会各界提出老有所养,老有所医,老有所教,老有所学,老有所为,老有所乐诸多方面的问题。 As the society is ushered into an aging phase,